Perry g



P. G.-GARDINER. y

Car Spring,

' No. 98.050. Patented Dec. 21,1869.

f Zre'now' "7@ hindert Staten PERRY G. GARD'INER,

or NEW Yon-K, NQY.

Lettersr Patent No. 98,050, dated December 21, 1869.

IMPaovnMnNr 1N" can-SPRINGS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent making part of the samev To all whom it may concern:

Be it' known that I, PERRY G. GARDINER; of the:-

city and State of New York, have invented new anduseful Improvements inRailway-Gar Springs, and

-that thelf'ollowing is a full, true, and exact description of my saidimprovements, reference being had to the drawings accompanying andmaking part of this specification. y

The natureof my improvements consists- First, in the combination of acellular India-rubber cylinder, with a coiled spiral steel spring uponthe exterior surface, or,.in place of this spiral spring, a se ries ofiron rings, embracing the cylinder at equal distances apart, and havingthe cells of the rubber cylinder'filled witha packing of' cork 'cottonor other elastic orfibrous material, or with or without steel spiralsprings, and having also a central cell, containing a. spiral spring,through which passes acentral compound-stud or bolt, having, at the top,a screw and nut, by which the cap and sole or base of' the spring aresecured to the rubber cylinder, and the spring'set, or the parts securedin place, to form the complete spring; and,

Secondly, in the combination of a perforated rnbber cylinder, with orwithout rings to support it, and a central cell, packed with fibrous orelastic material; and also,

Thirdly', in the dovetail lip or rim to the cap of the spring. I

l The figures in the drawings will be referred to and described indetail in the following description.

In all the figures similar letters represent similar parts.

Figure 1 of the drawings representsa vertical crosssecti'on of thespring, through the centre, and v Figure 2, a horizontal section of thesame 'at the line A B in fig. 1.

A A is an India-rubber cylinder, pierced with circular cells a a fromtop to bottom, the central cell a being of larger diameter than that ofthose surroundin it.

gThese cells c a should be of equal size, and at equal distances apartand from the cent-re of the rubber cylinder. In the figure they arerepresented as eight in number, in addition to the central cell a', butthe precise number here represented is not essential.

b is a. spiral steel spring in the central cell a', cxtending from topto bottom of the spring.

c c' are the central stud and bolt.

d d are iron rings, embracing the rubber closely at right angles to theaxis of the spring, and at equal distancesfrom each other.

The manner in which the central stud and bolt are united, and holdtogether the top plate e and base or i solcfof the spring, by means ofthe screw and nut g` at the head, ls shown in fig. 1.

The cells a a are closely packed with cotton, or l other fibroelasticrial, and for this purpose an apparatus which I call a'sprlng-packershould be used, which encloses the India-rubber cylinder and rings, andholds them rigidly in` place, lwhile the packing is being pressed intothe cells.

Figures 3 and 4 represent, in similar sections oi' figs. 1 and 2, asubstantially similar spring, varying from that just described onlybythe insertion of steel spiral springs b' in the cells a a, part ofwhich is filled with packing, and part is without the packing.

When the spring is constructed as represented in figs. l and 42, the capand base or sole of' the spring are made to compress lthe rubber betweenthem, by the screwing on the nut g, which causes the rubber cylinder tobulge, as represented by the dotted lines between the rings d iniig. 1,whereby the rings are held securely in their place. A

v When the spring is under the weight of the car, the further bulgingof' the rubber holds the rings so that they cannot slip or be shaken outof' their proper positions.

In place of the rings d, a spiral spring may be substituted, extendingfrom`the cap to the base, and closely embracing the rubber cylinder, soas to answer the same purpose of' compression as the rings, and,operates also by its elastic force in a vertical direction. v

When the rings d are used, the packing should be,

performed with cap and base on the springand the cap is perforated withholes, to correspond with the cells, and through which the packing isforced.

The holes in the cap, when the packing is completed, should be stoppedwith plugs of' cork, driven in so as to touch the surface of thepacking, and Athe outside of the plugs cut olf even with the surface ofthe cap.

Figures 5 and 6 represent a rubber cylinder, A, with rings d, with onlyone central cell, a, filled with packing.

No bolt is used with this form of spring.

The ca-p e has its rim projecting over the upper edge I of the rubber,in a dovetail form, as shown ath, which, when the spring is compressedby the weight, and the rubber bulges under the pressure, grips and holdsthe rubber so that it will not spring out from the cap.

In the compound spring,as herein described, my

invention does not consist in any ofthe parts described in detail, butmyinvention consists in the combination and arrangement as described.

A great saving is made in` the amount of'mbber required in thisconstruction of the spring, and, conse- .'lquently, a. great reductioninthe expense of the spring,

while the power and eil-.istie action of the spring are vgreatlyenhanced.

` What I claim, therefore, ns my invention und improvement, and forwhich I desire Letters Patent, is`

Il. The combination of the. perforated cullular India.- rnhher cylinder,'surrounded und compressed by the rings, or. exterior spiral spring,with the packing of the cells with cOttQnror other similar fibrousmaterial, with or without spiral sprigs'in the cellsyfand with :icentrall spiral in a central cell, through which the bolt passes,constructed, arranged, and operating substantially :is described.

senso 2. The combination of rubber cylinder with its equi' distantperforation, surrounding a. central perforation, packed as aforesaid,without the exterior spiral or rings'. i

3. The duvet-oiled lip or rim on the cap, incomhina.: tion with therubber cylinder' and packing, constructed and operating in the mannerand for the purposes described.

` P. G. GARDINER.

Witnesses:

S. A. STODDER, GEO. W. Fox.

